写写代码
grpc的初次实践
2022-09-13
Go
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请注意，本文编写于 682 天前，最后修改于 527 天前，其中某些信息可能已经过时。

目录

grpc 的初次实践
一、前期准备
1. 安装 protoc
2. 安装 protoc-gen-go
3. 初始化一个项目
二、编写 proto 文件
1. 创建 proto 文件
2. 生成 pb.go 文件
三、编写 GRPC
1. 一元 RPC
2. 服务端流 RPC
3. 客户端流 RPC
4. 双向流 RPC

grpc 的初次实践

一、前期准备

1. 安装 protoc

shell
wget https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases/download/v21.5/protobuf-all-21.5.zip
unzip protobuf-all-21.5.zip && cd protobuf-21.5/
./configure
make
make install

安装完成后，可以通过 protoc --version 查看是否安装成功。

2. 安装 protoc-gen-go

shell
go get -u github.com/golang/protobuf/protoc-gen-go
go install github.com/golang/protobuf/protoc-gen-go
mv $GOPATH/bin/protoc-gen-go /usr/local/bin/

3. 初始化一个项目

shell
mkdir grpc-demo && cd grpc-demo
go mod init grpc-demo
mkdir client server proto

二、编写 proto 文件

1. 创建 proto 文件

proto
syntax = "proto3";

package helloworld;

// The greeting service definition.
service Greeter {
  // Sends a greeting
  rpc SayHello (HelloRequest) returns (HelloReply) {}
}

// The request message containing the user's name.
message HelloRequest {
  string name = 1;
}

// The response message containing the greetings
message HelloReply {
  string message = 1;
}

2. 生成 pb.go 文件

shell
protoc --go_out=plugins=grpc:. ./proto/*.proto

报错 1： go_out: protoc-gen-go: Plugin failed with status code 1. 由于没有指定.proto 文件路径，在 proto 文件第三行加上option go_package ="./proto";

报错 2： --go_out: protoc-gen-go: plugins are not supported; use 'protoc --go-grpc_out=...' to generate gRPC 由于 proto 版本过高，无法使用plugins=grpc，需要使用--go-grpc_out=. 将生成的 proto-gen-go-grpc 文件移动到/usr/local/bin/目录下 使用新的命令： protoc --go_out=. --go_opt=paths=source_relative \ --go-grpc_out=. --go-grpc_opt=paths=source_relative \ ./proto/*.proto

三、编写 GRPC

1. 一元 RPC

一元 RPC 是指客户端发送一个请求到服务器，并获得一个响应，就像是一个简单的函数调用。

  1. Proto
proto
rpc SayHello (HelloRequest) returns (HelloReply) {};
  1. server.go
go
package main

import (
	"context"
	pb "grpc-demo/proto"
	"net"

	"google.golang.org/grpc"
)

type GreeterServer struct{
	pb.UnimplementedGreeterServer
}

func (s *GreeterServer) SayHello(ctx context.Context, req *pb.HelloRequest) (*pb.HelloReply, error) {
	return &pb.HelloReply{Message: "Hello " + req.Name}, nil
}

func main() {
	server := grpc.NewServer()
	pb.RegisterGreeterServer(server, &GreeterServer{})
	lis,_ := net.Listen("tcp", ":8080")
	server.Serve(lis)
}
  1. client.go
go
package main

import (
	"context"
	pb "grpc-demo/proto"
	"log"

	"google.golang.org/grpc"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/credentials/insecure"
)

func main() {
	conn, err := grpc.Dial("localhost:8080", grpc.WithTransportCredentials(insecure.NewCredentials()))
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("did not connect: %v", err)
	}
	defer conn.Close()
	client := pb.NewGreeterClient(conn)
	SayHello(client)
}

func SayHello(client pb.GreeterClient) {
	resp, err := client.SayHello(context.Background(), &pb.HelloRequest{Name: "duty"})
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("could not greet: %v", err)
	}
	log.Printf("Greeting: %s", resp.Message)
}

2. 服务端流 RPC

服务端流 RPC 是指客户端发送一个请求到服务器，服务器可以返回多个流，直到没有任何消息返回。

  1. Protot
proto
rpc SayHelloAgain (HelloRequest) returns (stream HelloReply) {};
  1. server.go
go
package main

import (
	"context"
	pb "grpc-demo/proto"
	"net"

	"google.golang.org/grpc"
)

type GreeterServer struct{
	pb.UnimplementedGreeterServer
}

// 服务端流式 RPC
func (s *GreeterServer) SayHelloAgain(req *pb.HelloRequest, stream pb.Greeter_SayHelloAgainServer) error {
	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
		if err := stream.Send(&pb.HelloReply{Message: "Hello " + req.Name}); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
	return nil
}

func main() {
	server := grpc.NewServer()
	pb.RegisterGreeterServer(server, &GreeterServer{})
	lis,_ := net.Listen("tcp", ":8080")
	server.Serve(lis)
}
  1. client.go
go
package main

import (
	"context"
	pb "grpc-demo/proto"
	"log"

	"google.golang.org/grpc"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/credentials/insecure"
)

func main() {
	conn, err := grpc.Dial("localhost:8080", grpc.WithTransportCredentials(insecure.NewCredentials()))
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("did not connect: %v", err)
	}
	defer conn.Close()
	client := pb.NewGreeterClient(conn)
	SayHelloAgain(client)
}

// 服务端流式 RPC
func SayHelloAgain(client pb.GreeterClient) {
	stream, err := client.SayHelloAgain(context.Background(), &pb.HelloRequest{Name: "duty"})
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("could not greet: %v", err)
	}
	for {
		resp, err := stream.Recv()
		if err != nil {
			break
		}
		log.Printf("Greeting: %s", resp.Message)
	}
}

3. 客户端流 RPC

客户端流 RPC 是指客户端发送多个请求到服务器，服务器返回一个响应。

  1. Proto
proto
rpc SayHelloStream (stream HelloRequest) returns (HelloReply) {};
  1. server.go
go
package main

import (
	pb "grpc-demo/proto"
	"io"
	"log"
	"net"

	"google.golang.org/grpc"
)

type GreeterServer struct {
	pb.UnimplementedGreeterServer
}

// 客户端流式 RPC
func (s *GreeterServer) SayHelloStream(stream pb.Greeter_SayHelloStreamServer) error {
	for {
		req, err := stream.Recv()
		if err == io.EOF {
			return stream.SendAndClose(&pb.HelloReply{Message: "Hello " + "duty"})
		}
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		log.Printf("resp: %s", req)
	}
}

func main() {
	server := grpc.NewServer()
	pb.RegisterGreeterServer(server, &GreeterServer{})
	lis, _ := net.Listen("tcp", ":8080")
	server.Serve(lis)
}
  1. client.go
go
package main

import (
	"context"
	pb "grpc-demo/proto"
	"log"

	"google.golang.org/grpc"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/credentials/insecure"
)

func main() {
	conn, err := grpc.Dial("localhost:8080", grpc.WithTransportCredentials(insecure.NewCredentials()))
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("did not connect: %v", err)
	}
	defer conn.Close()
	client := pb.NewGreeterClient(conn)
	SayHelloStream(client)
}

// 客户端流式 RPC
func SayHelloStream(client pb.GreeterClient) {
	stream, err := client.SayHelloStream(context.Background())
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("could not greet: %v", err)
	}
	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
		if err := stream.Send(&pb.HelloRequest{Name: "duty"}); err != nil {
			log.Fatalf("56 could not greet: %v", err)
		}
	}
	resp, err := stream.CloseAndRecv()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("could not greet: %v", err)
	}
	log.Printf("Greeting: %s", resp.Message)
}

4. 双向流 RPC

双向流 RPC 是指客户端和服务器都可以在双向流中发送多个消息。

  1. Proto
proto
rpc SayHelloStreamAll (stream HelloRequest) returns (stream HelloReply) {};
  1. server.go
go
package main

import (
	"context"
	pb "grpc-demo/proto"
	"io"
	"log"
	"net"

	"google.golang.org/grpc"
)

type GreeterServer struct {
	pb.UnimplementedGreeterServer
}

// 双向流式 RPC
func (s *GreeterServer) SayHelloStreamAll(stream pb.Greeter_SayHelloStreamAllServer) error {
	n := 0
	for {
		err := stream.Send(&pb.HelloReply{Message: "Hello " + "duty"})
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		req, err := stream.Recv()
		if err == io.EOF {
			return nil
		}
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		n++
		log.Printf("resp: %s,%d", req, n)
	}
}

func main() {
	server := grpc.NewServer()
	pb.RegisterGreeterServer(server, &GreeterServer{})
	lis, _ := net.Listen("tcp", ":8080")
	server.Serve(lis)
}
  1. client.go
go
package main

import (
	"context"
	pb "grpc-demo/proto"
	"io"
	"log"

	"google.golang.org/grpc"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/credentials/insecure"
)

func main() {
	conn, err := grpc.Dial("localhost:8080", grpc.WithTransportCredentials(insecure.NewCredentials()))
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("did not connect: %v", err)
	}
	defer conn.Close()
	client := pb.NewGreeterClient(conn)
	SayHelloStreamAll(client)
}

// 双向流式 RPC
func SayHelloStreamAll(client pb.GreeterClient) error {
	stream, err := client.SayHelloStreamAll(context.Background())
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("could not greet: %v", err)
		return err
	}
	for n := 0; n < 10; n++ {
		err := stream.Send(&pb.HelloRequest{Name: "duty"})
		if err != nil {
			log.Fatalf("could not greet: %v", err)
			return err
		}
		resp, err := stream.Recv()
		if err == io.EOF {
			break
		}
		if err != nil {
			log.Fatalf("could not greet: %v", err)
			return err
		}
		log.Printf("Greeting: %s", resp)
	}

	err = stream.CloseSend()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("could not greet: %v", err)
		return err
	}
	return nil
}
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